What does the ethical principle of non-maleficence entail?

The ethical principle of non-maleficence focuses on the obligation to avoid causing harm to patients. This principle is foundational in medical ethics and emphasizes the importance of safeguarding patient well-being. In practice, non-maleficence requires healthcare providers, including physician assistants, to consider the potential risks and benefits of any treatment or intervention and to take steps to minimize harm.

This principle supports the notion of "first, do no harm," which is a core tenet of medical practice. It involves not only the avoidance of direct harm but also the consideration of indirect consequences that may arise from healthcare decisions. By adhering to non-maleficence, healthcare providers prioritize patient safety and are compelled to take necessary precautions in their practices.

Providing the best outcomes relates more closely to the principle of beneficence, which focuses on promoting patient well-being. Ensuring equality in treatment pertains to justice, which emphasizes fairness in the distribution of resources and treatment. Respecting patient choices aligns with the principle of autonomy, which recognizes the right of patients to make informed decisions about their own healthcare. While all these principles are integral to ethical medical practice, it is non-maleficence that specifically underscores the necessity of avoiding harm.